(8)Sediment pattern & rate of bathymetric changes due to construction of breakwater extension at Nowshahr port
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Farhad Sakhaeea,∗, Fatemeh Khalilib
a School of Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology, Saint Louis University, USA
b Saroyeh Institute of Higher Education, Civil Engineering Dept., Mazandaran, Sari, Iran
Received 2 January 2020; received in revised form 7 April 2020; accepted 8 April 2020
Available online 6 June 2020
Abstract
Erosion, scour and sedimentation are the most common phenomena which should be considered in the design of marine structures. Seas
and oceans are dynamic environments, hence studying them in more details, gathering more information about their bathymetric changes and
pursuing their historical evolution could be beneficial in the efficient design of marine structures such as: jetties, groins and breakwaters.
To achieve this goal one desperately needs to know about currents and waves and the effects of their interactions as well as the rate of
sedimentation (Net Gain), and erosion (Net Loss) in the field. On the other hand, to obtain a sufficient depth to facilitate marine traffics
in the harbors the rate of sediment deposition must be calculated, offering effective annual dredging programs. In this research the pool of
Nowshahr port and some parts to the east and west were modeled. Sediment transport direction was compatible with the counter-clock-wise
circulation of the Sothern part of Caspian Sea. Wind data, water surface elevation, and hydrographic points from the bathymetric surveys
applied in the hydrodynamic module of Mike 21 and the output of the hydrodynamic module (HD) were used as inputs for sediment transport
module (ST). The result of the ST module shows that the main direction considering dominant waves is from northwest of the Caspian Sea
to the southeast. Also, net rate of sediment transfer is from west to east. By approaching to the main breakwater arms from the west side
sediment transport rate decreases which means deposition occurs behind the western arm.
© 2020 Shanghai Jiaotong University. Published by Elsevier B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Keywords: Numerical modeling; Sediment pattern; Wave and currents; Erosion; Nowshahr port.