(3)Mathematical modelling and analysis of plastic waste pollution and its impact on the ocean surface
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Sonam Chaturvedi a,∗, Bikarama Prasad Yadavaa, Nihal Anwar Siddiquia,
Sudhir Kumar Chaturvedib
a Department of Health Safety Environment and Civil Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Bidholi Energy Acres, Dehradun
248007, India
b Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Bidholi Energy Acres, Dehradun 248007, India
Received 11 September 2019; received in revised form 22 September 2019; accepted 23 September 2019
Available online 28 September 2019
Abstract
Plastic contamination is universal all through the marine condition, yet gauges of the worldwide plenitude and weight of coasting plastics
have needed information, especially from the Southern Hemisphere and remote areas. Here we report a gauge of the all-out number of
plastic particles and their weight gliding on the planet’s seas from 24 endeavours (2007–2013) over every one of the five subtropical gyres,
coastal Australia, Bay of Bengal and the Mediterranean Sea directing surface net tows (N=680) and visual review transects of huge plastic
flotsam and debris (N=891). Utilizing an oceanographic model of coasting trash dispersal adjusted by our information, and rectifying for
wind-driven vertical blending, we gauge at least 5.25 trillion particles weighing 268,940 tons. When looking at between four size classes,
two micro plastic <4.75mm and meso and micro plastic >4.75mm, a huge loss of micro plastics is seen from the ocean surface contrasted
with anticipated paces of discontinuity, recommending there are systems at play that expel <4.75mm plastic particles from the sea surface.
The focus on the life cycle assessment and the brief overview of the plastic waste management over the ocean surfaces with the various
mathematical models has been studied. The impact of the ocean pollution is also being analysed.
© 2019 Shanghai Jiaotong University. Published by Elsevier B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Keywords: Solid waste; Plastic; Garbage patch; Ocean pollution; Mathematical model; Ocean surface.